International Finance and Financial Crisis Case Study

Global Finance and Financial Crisis - Case Study Example They ought to regulate if the wellsprings of assets have an undisrupted stream and on the off chance that they can pay their lenders. Having a reasonable comprehension, the organization should attempt to boost the money positions. In 2008, Woolworths had net income of 39.2 millions in contrast with 27.1 millions out of 2007. In due complexity to it, the organization had 2.2 a large number of net income in 2003. In this way, it tends to be said Woolworths took expected measures to have the expanded income during the hour of emergency. Recognize and forcefully limit operational dangers - The organizations, in the midst of budgetary emergency, should attempt to distinguish and lessen a wide range of avoidable everyday dangers. During emergency, it is attractive that the organizations follow the nuts and bolts. The tasks created over 61.7 millions of every 2008, an uncommon increment over the earlier year. Lead thorough situation arranging - During emergency the organizations ought to likewise take an appropriate supply of the monetary situation. They ought to strategise based on the GDP development, money deteriorations, and so on. Woolworths Group rejected delivering between time profit in 2008 considering the total deficit it has brought about and the worldwide emergency. Survey business execution and plan for divestitures - The c... They ought to strategise based on the GDP development, cash devaluations, and so forth. Woolworths Group rejected delivering between time profit in 2008 considering the overal deficit it has caused and the worldwide emergency. Survey business execution and plan for divestitures - The organization, to support and endure the emergency, ought to ceaselessly audit its exhibition and make vital strides, as and when required. Likewise, the organization ought to set itself up for important divestments to expand the money inflow. As the money inflow was extraordinary for Woolworths, so we can say that the organization took standard evaluations of its business execution. Keep up the certainty of key partners - Any organization that needs to remain drifted for long haul, knows the estimation of its partners. Relationship with investors, providers and clients if once lost can not be recovered. The income has expanded in 2008 contrasted with 2007 for Woolworths Plc and furthermore there are no bank overdrafts in the year. Profit Policies, Capital Structure and the Shareholders' Wealth Investors are the genuine proprietors of any organization. What's more, the profit is the procuring of the proprietor in light of his stock hanging based on the organization's benefit. Aside from the capital yield (which an investor may procure, in the event that he deal away the offer), acquiring of profit is the explanation of buying shares by the investor. In the event that an organization acquires benefit from its expert and operational exercises, the administration can either hold the benefit or future ventures (called held benefit or held winning) under the head of 'save and surplus' to be decided sheet or the administration of the organization can disseminate the benefit among its

The Role of Company Directors Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

The Role of Company Directors - Essay Example Guardian obligation is innate in the midst of the collaboration among executives and their organization, trustees and their trusts, and legal counselors and their clients. Barnet (2008) has characterized trustee obligation as a model of care saw in a lawful relationship of confidence and confirmation including a person in a place of control, authority or impact, and another who is dependent on the suitable exercise of that power...intrinsic in guardian obligation is the responsibility to act in incredible certainty and genuineness, the obligation to work in light of a legitimate concern for the head and to disregard self-managing exchanges, and the duty to not employ preposterous requests or to continue without the mindfulness and gift of the head. In a milestone case including Caremark International Inc.1996 by the Delaware Chancery Court, the job of company’s executives was extended to envelop obligation in checking the company’s activities or ‘oversight liability’. This basically implied the executives had a guardian obligation of intently directing or supervising the company’s every day exchange therefore needed to stay up with the latest on the ordinary tasks of the partnership. The Delaware Supreme Court’s choice, Stone v. Ritter [Del. Supr., Jan. 27, 2009] maintained that the directors’ inability to ‘act despite a known obligation to act’ is a penetrate of the obligation of dedication. To stem the abundances of the partnerships in the US, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act was ordered even as the courts ventured up reformatory activities on errant chiefs and firms participating in false exercises. As a result, numerous chiefs are progressively getting increasingly associated with the company’s tasks to counterbalance being accused of carelessness and relinquishment of their guardian obligations (Rehfeld, 2005).

An Example of True Fidelity with the Source Text A Scanner Darkly

An Example of True Fidelity with the Source Text A Scanner Darkly Up until nearly late occasions, it used to represent a typical suspicion among pundits that, all together for cinematographic adjustments of a specific scholarly piece to be viewed as effective, they should be altogether predictable with the first artistic work’s verbose angles. This perspective, be that as it may, can never again be considered as to such an extent that speaks to a verifiable truth of True Fidelity with the Source Text: A Scanner Darkly explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More The purpose behind this is very obvious †the exceptionally unique real factors of a post of True Fidelity with the Source Text: A Scanner Darkly explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More What it implies is that, all together for the film-adjustment of a specific novel to be viewed as effective, it must be equipped for guaranteeing a drawn out survivability of the contained image (an artistic likeness the organic term ‘gene’), whether or not th e creator is monitoring it or not (Dawkins 206). However, similarly as it is being the situation with the replication of qualities, the propagation of images infers that their phenotypical appearances must be fundamentally changed in accordance with the encompassing social condition. At the end of the day, it is explicitly the desultorily significant cinematographic adjustments of artistic writings, which can be characterized genuinely fruitful. The viewing of Linklater’s movie leaves not many questions, with regards to the way that the executive succeeded in guaranteeing the constancy of the first novel’s memetic perspectives. One reason why it seems, by all accounts, to be the situation is that, despite the fact that that the chief had made a purposeful point in changing a few discoursed between the highlighted characters and in altering the conveyed settings to be increasingly suggestive of the real factors of the 21st century’s living, the principle memetic thoughts that are being advanced, all through the film’s aggregate, entirely correspond with that of the first novel. These thoughts can be conceptualized as follows: American medication subculture is installed in numerous people on a hereditary level, which is the reason there can be no triumph in the profound quality/religion-energized ‘war on drugs’, by definition. The legislative authorities that most eagerly bolster a continuous ‘war on drugs’, are in cahoots with medicate dealers. It is an ordinary practice among cops to utilize illicit opiates all the time. The impression of an encompassing reality, with respect to submitted medicate addicts, never stops being completely twisted, which is the reason these individuals ought not be exposed to any ethical decisions. It is unnecessary to specify, obviously, that most of mentally sufficient people would allude to these thoughts as acting naturally clear. Notwithstanding, all together for the cinema tographic portrayal of the prior referenced memetic thoughts to be fit for creating a business pay (this is the reason motion pictures are being delivered, in any case), it should have been logically significant, with the goal that watchers would have the option to identify with the passed on semiotics emotionally.Advertising Searching for basic composition on craftsmanship and structure? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Find out More This is actually the motivation behind why Linklater’s adjustment includes various proper deviations from the first novel, which by and by don't sabotage the degree of this film’s adaptational devotion. For instance, there is an important scene in the novel, wherein the character of Barris uncovers the cost of his recently bought sport-bicycle, â€Å"I saw it (bicycle) in the neighbors yard and got some information about it and they had four of them so I made a proposal of twenty dollars money and they offered it to me† (Dick 63). At first, this scene was intended to advance the possibility that medicate addicts are as a rule very unequipped for understanding the good/legitimate ramifications of purchasing taken products. All things considered, the way that he was just requested twenty dollars, in return for a fresh out of the plastic new bicycle, didn't alert Barris even somewhat. In Linklater’s adjustment, be that as it may, Barris gloats about having pu rchased this bicycle for fifty dollars (00.19.51). In any case, this conventional irregularity between Linklater’s film and Dick’s epic can be all around clarified, when we review the way that the buying intensity of twenty dollars in 1977 was a lot higher, when contrasted with what it is being the situation these days. In this way, while endeavoring to secure the constancy of his cinematographic adjustment, Linklater didn't have some other decision however to ‘increase’ the cost for the taken bicycle by thirty dollars. In its turn, this permitted him to guarantee that the individuals from contemporary review crowds would respect this specific component of the plot’s unwinding completely conceivable. Subsequently, a specific oddity †despite the fact that that, in regard of how he approached consolidating the before referenced scene in his film, Linklater deviated from the first content, this didn't sabotage the general degree of his adaptationà ¢â‚¬â„¢s devotion. Very on the inverse †by ‘increasing’ the cost of Barris’s bicycle, the chief had the option to build the degree of film’s digressive adequacy †consequently, making it all the more subjectively ‘digestible’. In any case, the memetic honesty of Linklater’s adjustment isn't just being simply kept up by the way that the executive had properly ruled for altering the characters’ monologs to be intelligent of the real factors of a contemporary living in America, yet in addition by his choice to use the rotoscoping movement method, as a device for guaranteeing the film’s expressionist intrigue (Ward 60). There appear to have been various sound reasons, which incited Linklater to continue with exploiting this particular procedure. Initially, rotoscoping makes feasible for the chief (which has a constrained creation financial plan) to altogether improve the foundation settings and to fuse the components of ‘super-naturalness’ into the in any case customary plot. Given the quintessence of Dick novel’s subjects and themes, Linklater’s choice to utilize this strategy shows up completely advocated. One reason for this is, while tending to life’s challenges, a large number of the novel’s characters never stop being influenced by mental trips: (Jerry Fabine is attempting to wash off (Bob Arctor is seeing Barris asimaginary bugs in the shower) a bug) Yet, all together for the on-screen stimulating pictures to be considered sincerely amazing, they should transmit the soul of Freudian ‘uncanny’, when watchers are being incited to investigate their own picture related oblivious feelings of trepidation and nerves. This is the place the use of rotoscoping comes in especially helpful. As Bouldin called attention to, â€Å"The rotoscoped picture draws its capacity from its infectious contact with a unique. Through this ‘material connec tion’ the rotoscoped enlivened body can invoke the uncanny, supplemental nearness of a missing body (13). There is considerably more to it †without the organization of this method, the chief would barely have the option to investigate the theme of a ‘scramble-suit’, which doesn't just reappear all through the novel’s sum, however characterizes the general philosophical hugeness of Dick’s artistic magnum opus (Hurwitz 27). Evidently, by having applied rotoscoping to the live-pictures, caught with the computerized camera, Linklater had the option to propel the novel’s unique thought that, in spite of the presumption that mystery agents’ anonymousness builds their odds to secure scoundrels, it in truth makes them receive the existential method of those they officially contradict. The second significant inspiration driving the sending of rotoscoping, on Linklater’s part, seems to have been worried about both: the directorâ€⠄¢s endeavor to stay dedicated to the first novel and his legitimate appraisal of Dick novel’s obviously expressionist nature. All things considered, one of this novel’s significant attributes is the absence of an intelligent/spatial interconnectedness between the highlighted occasions. This couldn't be something else, in light of the fact that Dick had made a conscious point in portraying his story from the perspective of an individual with the historical backdrop of a drawn out medication misuse. There is, be that as it may, much more to it †Dick’s tale doesn't just mirror the author’s individual frustration with the way of life of a medication someone who is addicted, yet in addition his bafflement with how the agents of a ‘moral majority’ in America propose the society’s ‘unproductive elements’ ought to be managed. Obviously, the nonattendance of a spatial congruity in the first novel implies Dick’s dissati sfaction with the euro-driven thought of a straight advancement; accordingly, that characterizes the genuine importance of the encompassing reality’s spreads. What it implies is that, all together for the cinematographic adjustment of Dick’s epic to wind up altogether dedicated to the novel’s unique soul, it likewise must be shot in the expressionist way, worried about the subsidiary directors’ endeavor to assist watchers with experiencing the delineated reality’s abstract viewpoints (Gianetti 4). Lamentably, this must be cultivated to the detriment of subverting the adaptation’s request to more extensive crowds. However, being a mentally genuine individual, Linklater in any case ruled for building the adjusted plot in a way altogether changed in accordance with the first novel’s plainly characterized expressionist soul of a spatially subverted connectedness betwee

Geology 3-8 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Topography 3-8 - Essay Example The movement of plates arranged here is persistent and seismic tremors happen as often as possible since California is situated in a shortcoming portion. This implies it is a Transform-Fault Plate type. A torrent is characterized as a solid sea wave that is the aftereffect of generally a seismic tremor or on occasion a volcanic emission. ( Hamilton, 2005). The reasons for Tsunamis are essentially seismic tremors that cause the ocean bottom to rise or fall. This happens when plates hit with one another over and over at the outskirt of a plate. Waves happen when the earth’s outside layer gets distorted because of seismic tremors and the first situation of the plates gets upset ( Tankut, 2009). Plates attempt to cover one another and the heavier ones move under the less thick ones again making the lithosphere misshape. Other than that, when the ocean bottom gets raised or deformed, a tidal wave can be made and, after its all said and done. The Great Pacific Garbage fix, as it name infers is an enormous fix of trash in the northern area of the Pacific Ocean. The size of the fix is as yet not clear but rather it is in the northern segment of the Pacific Ocean. This is because of the way that plastics don't get obliterated however get changed over into hurtful substances that continue dirtying the air and water around them thus making it risky for individuals who live or travel from that point. It has likewise been harming submarine and submerged gear just as untamed life. Green House Effect is characterized as a procedure identified with material science that catches and traps heat in the environment of the earth. It is an aftereffect of the interface between the environment and the sunlight. Basically, the carbon dioxide that the air contains retains the warmth which raises the temperature of the climate. It's anything but a layer of carbon dioxide in the sky that reflects heat down as it transmits from the Earths surface. Warmth is consumed by the

To Kill A Mockingbird Irony And Sarcasm Essays -

To Kill a Mockingbird: Irony and Sarcasm To Slaughter a Mockingbird: Irony and Sarcasm Harper Lee's To Kill a Mockingbird is a profoundly respected work of American fiction. The tale of the novel educates us numerous exercises that should last any peruser for a lifetime. The messages that Harper Lee transfers to the peruser are exemplified all through the book utilizing different strategies. One of the most significant and critical strategies was the utilization of images, for example, the mockingbird picture. Another significant strategy was indicating the view through a developing youngster's (Scout Finch) mind, eyes, ears, and mouth. There is another extremely huge strategy that was utilized. In the novel, To Kill a Mockingbird, Harper Lee uses the impacts of incongruity, mockery, and bad faith to condemn an assortment of components in Southern life. Harper Lee utilizes the impacts of incongruity in To Kill a Mockingbird as an approach to censure the inadequacy of open instruction. Presently advise your dad not to show you any more. It's ideal to start guessing with a new thoughts. (pG. 22) Instead of adulating Scout's capacity to peruse at a propelled level, Miss Caroline debilitates it. This amusing model set by Miss Caroline appears to exhibit the insufficient preparing that she had gotten for her occupation. Miss Caroline appears to have been told upon an exacting standard on how her understudies are expected to carry on, however when she experiences something other than what's expected, for example, Scout's propelled capacity to peruse, she encourages Scout to quit being progressed, though a cutting edge teacher would profit by Scout's capacity to peruse and urge her to understand more. You won't figure out how to compose until you're in the third grade. (pg. 23) The exacting, formula style, rubric technique of instructing that Miss Caroline utilizations is by and by underscored here. Miss Caroline by and by debilitates Scout's propelled capacities and respects Scout's capacity with hatred. The Dewey Decimal System comprised, in part, of Miss Caroline waving cards at us which were printed 'the,' 'cat,''rat,' 'man,' and 'you.' (pg. 23) The Dewey Teaching Method was assumed to put an accentuation on dynamic learning, yet the incongruity in Miss Caroline'suse of it was that her training technique wasn't dynamic in any way. It was, actually, incredibly inactive. The understudies in the class didn't do anything. They turned out to be amazingly exhausted and learned practically nothing. As I have built up, the utilization of incongruity obviously uncovers the lack of the state funded instruction framework in the 1930's. Instructors didn't appear to be sufficiently prepared to deal with the tremendous capacities of their understudies. Rather, they were by all accounts prepared to deal with a barely bound measure of anticipated capacities. In the event that Miss Caroline had perceived that Scout had propelled capacities, she could have permitted Scout to progress to a higher evaluation and spare Scout from experiencing a school year that shows her stuff that she has just learned. Open training isn't the main component that Harper Lee uses incongruity to scrutinize, be that as it may. American political perspectives are likewise scrutinized utilizing incongruity. Harper Lee additionally utilizes mockery to censure the American political mentalities that were obviously clear in the South. (At the point when Alabama withdrew from the Union on January 11, 1861, Winston County withdrawn from Alabama, and each youngster in Maycomb County knew it.) (pg. 21) By tuning in to their folks and different grown-ups, the little youngsters of Maycomb have developed to scorn Winston County for a similar explanation the grown-ups loathe it since it withdrew from Alabama in 1861. No doubt really imbecilic to the vast majority to disdain individuals dependent on what their progenitors had completed 70 years prior. North Alabama was loaded with Liquor Interests, Big Donkeys, steel organizations, Republicans, educators, and different people of no foundation. (pg. 21) Overheard from grown-ups, in all probability, Scout's considerations mirror the convictions of a dominant part of the individuals in Maycomb. The political perspectives in the common South are scrutinized as the individuals appear to need to adhere to their old thoughts and convictions. Developing new thoughts and convictions are efficiently dismissed; anyone that adjusts the new thoughts are respected as having no foundation. Individuals up there set them free, however you don't see them settin' at the table with them... I imagine that lady, that Mrs. Roosevelt's lost her brain outright lost her psyche coming down to Birmingham and tryin' to sit with them. (pg. 237) The by and large false reverence that Mrs. Merriweather states when alluding toward the North is one of the primary components that Harper Lee utilizes in scrutinizing the South's political perspectives. There appears to be nothing that fulfills Mrs. Merriweather, who mirrors the cliché southern lady she disdains

[Infinite] Quarter Mile

[Infinite] Quarter Mile The Infinite Corridor at MIT is the pulsing spine of central campus. As the artery which connects most of the main academic and administrative buildings, its probably the only place that everyone on campus visits at least once every day. Because its MIT, the Infinite is also a site of random tomfoolery. For example, MITHenge, which, according to Wikipedia, is when: On several days each year, the sun sets in alignment with the Infinite Corridor and shines along its entire length. This is known as MIThenge, a reference to Stonehenges alignment with the sun (although the type of alignment bears a closer relationship with that of Newgrange and Maeshowe in that the sunlight passes through the mass of the buildings rather than through the standing stones of Stonehenge). Mattress dominos: mw.setConfig('EmbedPlayer.AttributionButton',false); mw.setConfig('EmbedPlayer.EnableOptionsMenu',false); MIT Tech TVorganized, and voiced, by Snively. But the Infinite is also the site of other activities, which, in that MIT way, manage to be serious and silly at the same time. For example, today is the annual Quarter Mile fundraiser. The Quarter Mile is the annual fundraiser of the MIT chapter of Theta Xi. Heres how it works. Thats about 8,000 quarters. Good start! Still going strong! Still a LOOOOOONG way to go!I gave the brothers a dollar. Did you know that at the MIT Federal Credit Union they can turn a dollar bill into four quarters? Truly, we live in the future. A future where some of the worlds best and brightest students spend three consecutive days taping coins to the worlds longest hallway. Example n+1 of why MIT is such a special, strangely awesome place.

Rushdie and the Sea of Metaphors - Literature Essay Samples

As easy as it is to take advantage of simplicity, some authors understand the depths of the complex world enough to transcend boundaries and speak to both the fruitful guiltlessness of youth and the world’s seeds, hardest to swallow. In 1990, renowned British-Indian novel writer and essayist, Salman Rushdie published Haroun and the Sea of Stories, following the controversy of his last novel The Satanic Verses, (which earned Rushdie a fatwa from the spiritual leader of Iran- Ayatollah Khomeini- ordering his execution) The Story involves a boy named Haroun- the son of a famous story teller-who, after his parents split up and his father loses his storytelling skills, escapes to another planet where stories come from. Aided by a water genie named Iff and a bird-machine named Butt the Hoopoe, Haroun finds himself at the center of a war waged by an evil figure called Khattam Shud who pollutes stories and language. Almost every aspect of the story can be read into more deeply than ju st its literal function within the book. The relationship between Haroun and his father mirrors the way that the fatwa affected Rushdies family. The character of Khattam Shud and his demand for silence serve as commentary on the role that power and religion have on freedom of speech. Haroun and the Sea of Stories is an artistic response to the universally relevant topics of free speech and oppression as they affect Rushdie personally and the world as a whole. A huge theme in Haroun and the Sea of Stories is the influence and power of politicians and how they affect art and free speech. After Rashid loses his skills, he is hired by two politicians to campaign for them. He finds himself unable to speak to the crowds and uninspired by any feelings of positivity which is all the politicians want to hear. This metaphor almost speaks for itself, voicing the concept that many governments claim to allow free speech under the unspoken guideline that art can only be propaganda. Rushdie dared to challenge this and was silenced and oppressed for it. By showing how Rashid is not allowed to voice his sadness, Rushdie expresses his own lack of inspiration and frustration, being silenced by his government. These themes are further expanded upon later in the novel when Butt the Hoopoe questions the restrictions of speech that are placed on the Chupwallas who are at war with the Gups. Butt asks, â€Å"What is the point of giving persons freedom of speech if you then say they must not utilize them same? And is not the power of speech the greatest power of all? Then surely it must be exercised to the full† (Rushdie, 119). Rushdie’s voice comes through here, criticizing the fatwa and all limitations on freedom of speech in the real world. This shows how Rushdie tells a story about a broken family, a sad allegory for Rushdie’s emotional state and the way he had been personally affected by real world issues. Rushdie’s 1988 novel The Satanic Verses lead to the infamous fatwa, placed by Ayatollah Khomeini, demanding Rushdie be killed. Rushdie writes about this through metaphor in Haroun and the Sea of Stories. The character of Khattam Shud is an evil powerful figure who is against all use of expression and language. He has waged war on the Gups who tend the Sea of Stories and foster imagination and creativity. His menacing reputation is given a dark context in the novel. â€Å"Khattam Shud is the enemy of all stories, even of language itself. He is the prince of silence and the foe of speech† (Rushdie, 92). By portraying Khattam-Shud as such a profoundly evil character in the novel, Rushdie harshly criticizes oppressive leaders and ‘enemies of speech’. In the end of the novel the Chupwallas are defeated by the Gups because they cannot communicate with each other due to their anti-speech practices. Rushdie narrates, â€Å"Many of [the Chupwallas] had to fight the ir own shadows! And as for the rest, well, their vows of silence and their habits of secrecy had made them vicious and distrustful of one anotherThe upshot was that the Chupwalas did not stand shoulder to shoulder, but betrayed one another, stabbed on another in the back, mutinied, hid deserted† (Rushdie, 185). The things that made Khattam Shud strong, made the Chupwalas weak, in turn making Khattam Shud weak when it really counted. This scenario can be applied to real world leaders, specifically the Ayatollah. Critic Alison Lurie of The New York Times expands upon Rushdie’s real-life connections to the fictional Khattam-Shud in her review of the novel. â€Å"[Rushdie] has survived death threats from his own Khattam-Shud†(Lurie). Lurie directly compares the story to the real world, asserting that Rashid represents Rushdie and Khattam-Shud represents the Ayatollah. She further illustrates the connections, adding, â€Å"If there is one encouraging conclusion to be drawn from the recent fate of Salman Rushdie, it is that literature has power- so much power that it is dreaded by dictators† (Lurie). Lurie speaks of Rushdie’s fatwa as a recent event, giving a first hand reaction to history. In the novel, the Gups won the war because the Chupwallas feared speech. This parallel’s Lurie’s claim that literature has won because the Ayatollah fears speech. This shows how Haroun and the Sea of Stories conveys beliefs and emotions deeper than what is literally written by using metaphors to depict universal real world issues and how they affected Salman Rushdie personally. Rashid and Haroun’s relationship represents that of Rushdie and his son and Khattam Shud and his cult of anti-speech worshipers depict, not only the Ayatollah but all oppressive leaders with excess power and control. In fiction and in reality, freedom of speech and the ability to express are always necessary for a society to function properly and stealing them from a person is like polluting their creative sea. Works Cited Lurie, Alison. â€Å"Another Dangerous Story From Salman Rushdie.† NYTimes, The New York Times, 11 Nov. 1990, www.nytimes.com/books/99/04/18/specials/rushdie-haroun.html. Rushdie, Salman. Haroun: and the Sea of Stories. London, Granta Books, 1991.

Differentiation in Special Education Classrooms

Differentiation is the way a teacher prepares instruction to meet the needs of all the children in an inclusive classroom, from the most challenged to the most gifted. Differentiating instruction is not only going to help your special education students fully participate, it will also enrich and improve the experience of the general education students. Everybody wins. A well designed differentiated lesson will include some of the following: A strong visual component, collaborative activities, peer coaching, a multi-sensory approach to presenting information and differentiated assessment based on strengths. A Strong Visual Component Arent digital cameras and online image searches wonderful resources? Children with reading problems have a great deal less difficulty dealing with pictures than symbols. You might even have teams of children work together to gather pictures for instruction, or you might ask Mom to email you  some favorite vacation pictures. Autistic students can benefit from the use of cards to learn sight vocabulary, attributes, safety signs and to evaluate new vocabulary. Collaborative Activities Collaboration will be the mark of a successful leader and employee in the future, so this is a skill all students will need. We also know that children learn best from peers. One of the strongest reasons for inclusion is the fact that working across ability groups pulls up the lower functioning group. You need to take time to teach collaboration, using a fishbowl approach. Have a group of students model the process of collaboration, and then evaluate their performance as a group. As you are teaching a lesson using collaborative teams, spend time evaluating them as a group: Did everyone get a chance to talk? Did everyone participate? If you observe that groups are not functioning well, you may need to move in, stop, and do some coaching. Peer Coaching Its a good idea to create several partners for every child in the class. One method involves 4 pairings in each class a clock face to illustrate: a 12 oclock partner, with a student most like each student in ability (assigned by the teacher,) a 6 oclock partner, who is the opposite level of ability, and 3 and 9 oclock partners of their choosing. Spend time early in the year training your students to work in partnerships. You might try trust walks with your partners, having each child take turns walking their blindfolded partner around the classroom with only spoken directions. Be sure to debrief with your class, and talk about the importance of listening to each other and understanding each others strengths and weaknesses. Be sure you model the kind of positive interpersonal interactions you want to see from kids. Peer coaches can help each other with flashcards, with written assignments, and with collaborative activities. A Multi-Sensory Approach We are way too dependent on print as a way to introduce new information. Some of the children with IEPs may have strengths in unexpected areas: they may be great illustrators, creative builders, and very capable at gathering information visually on the internet. The more sensory avenues you engage as you are introducing new material, the more likely all your students will retain it. Do some tasting with a social studies lesson: How about coconut for a unit on the Pacific, or trying some salsa when you are learning about Mexico? How about movement? You can use a molecule game to teach children what happened when you heat elements. When you turned up the heat (orally, and raising my hand to raise the temperature) they would rush around the room as far apart as possible. When you drop the temperature (and my hand) the students would gather together and move just a little bit, slowly. You can bet every one of those kids remembered what happened when you heat a liquid or gas! Assessment that Builds on Strengths ​ There are lots of ways to assess mastery other than a multiple choice test. Rubrics are one great way to create clear ways for students to show they have mastered the materials. A portfolio may be another way. Rather than asking a student to write, you may ask a student to sort or group pictures according to criteria you have learned, name pictures, or have the students answer questions that help them display knowledge of new materials.

The Halves That Were Not Equal - 1168 Words

Colton Padgett Mr. Steen, Ms. Cucinelli 5/ 55 B March 18th, 2015 The Two Halves That Were Not Equal After Nazi Germany’s fall in the civil war, Germany was split into two parts separated by the Berlin Wall. The soviets had control of the east and the allied powers controlled the west.The division of Germany was not beneficial to both the allied west and the soviet east because the soviet east was under the rule of a socialist government and their citizens had no rights. The Division of Germany caused Germany to divide into a east and west side, the east was under the Soviet government rule. As a consequence of the†¦show more content†¦The FRG saw the GDR as a soviet puppet state. A puppet state is defined as: a state that is allegedly independent but is in fact dependant on an outside power.(The Free Dictionary) Therefore, to the FRG, the DGR was illegitimate, and the FRG did not concern themselves with the GDR. In 1963, President John F. Kennedy was speaking in West Germany and in his speech he said â€Å"Let them come to Berlin†. Insisting on people co ming to the democratic city of berlin in the FRG.(â€Å"Modern germany†) The German Democratic Republic tried to claim by the German Reichts that they were a legitimate state. GDR claimed an exclusive mandate for all of Germany. They claimed they were the democratically re-organized continuation of the 1871-1946 German Reicht.(Germany after World War II.) However, this claim was false, yes they had elections, but they were not free and fair by any means. East Germany’s elections only had one candidate who was usually screened by the government.(Coleman). So sure, the citizens could vote, but they only had one choice. In West Germany, elections were all fair by way of Democracy.(Coleman) Citizens in West Germany had multiple candidates to vote for and these candidates were not screened by the government unlike

The Quakers And The Religious Society Of Friends - 967 Words

The Quakers were first founded in the mid-1600s in England and were formerly known as The Religious Society of Friends. They were a very simple and devoted democratic group of people. When they arrived in America, they began to try to settle in Massachusetts. Massachusetts was also where the Puritan colonists had been settling and because they (the Quakers) threatened the Puritan’s beliefs in America they gave them and other opposing religions, such as the Baptists, harsh punishments for inhabiting their land which included hanging, fines, whipping, and banishing the people from Massachusetts. The Quakers later moved their efforts to the new land of Pennsylvania. They established their land on â€Å"the equality of all persons (including women, blacks, and Indians) before God.† They proved this stance of equality by being the â€Å"first group of whites to repudiate slavery† of Africans. They also purchased their found land from the Indians that owned it. These a ctions show that the Quakers truly lived in equality. â€Å"Religious freedom was Penn’s most fundamental principle.† The Quakers never gave an established church for Pennsylvania and allowed almost all religious freedom in its land. Although the Quakers were lenient on race, gender, and religious preference they did have a â€Å"strict code of personal morality.† They â€Å"prohibited swearing, drunkenness, and adultery† among many other activities that they thought were immoral. Many of their beliefs spread throughout America and hasShow MoreRelatedQuakers Essay583 Words   |  3 PagesQuakers For the worship service, I visited one of the Quakers Friends meeting houses. Since my familys religious background is Catholic Christian, This offered interesting views and different perceptions. Quakers history and believes were especially brought me interest. When I went to the Quakers Friends house I was nervous because I felt I am the first visitor and I did not know what I supposed to do in there. However, people in Friend house was really friendly and kind to guide meRead MoreThe Colonial Period Essay1337 Words   |  6 Pagesinfluential people who help shape present society through questioning past beliefs. Martin Luther leads the Protestant Reformation. John Calvin expands on the idea of predestination. The Puritans live strictly by the word of the Bible, and the Quakers inspire many people to join them in their friendly lifestyle. All of these people contribute to our society today and brave the face of adversity. Martin Luther, born in 1483, comes from a poor upbringing. Religious as a boy, Martin Luther earns his wagesRead MoreThe Silencing of Mary Dyer778 Words   |  3 PagesSociety has not changed much since the time of Mary Dyer. Challenges surface left and right to people undeserving. No one should stand down to what they believe in. Today, individuals are faced with much discrimination, but religious discrimination seems to stand out the most. Everyone is left with a choice to make despite what society has to say. Just like Mary Dyer. Mary Dyer was a Quaker. Quakers are a group of people with Christian roots. Quakers believe in equality. They don’t likeRead MorePuritans, Quakers, And Witchcraft1416 Words   |  6 PagesFaith LePage HIS 201-112 Professor Newsum 10 November 2014 Puritans, Quakers, and Witchcraft Seventeenth and eighteenth century Puritans arrived in the new world; their morality structured the disciplinary actions toward Quakers, those who were considered witches, and Puritans alike throughout the Massachusetts Bay colony. Puritans Structure and new world have three significant events and one leading man. Puritans on the Mayflower traveling to the Massachusetts Bay colony were led by John WinthropRead MoreQuakerism: Practices, Beliefs and Values Essay1780 Words   |  8 PagesResearching for the Religious Society of Friends or Quakers as they are called heavily reminds me of Social Work. Their core beliefs and values correlate very closely to Social Work’s own core beliefs and values. For my paper, I will discuss Quakerism, their practices, beliefs, values, and how Quakerism supports human rights and equality. A Brief History The Religious Society of Friends was founded by George Fox during the 1600s in England. The term â€Å"Quaker† was given to the group as a way toRead MoreThe Colonial Settlements Of The Quakers1753 Words   |  8 PagesThis paper will explore the history of the colonial settlements of the Quakers, who are also known as the Society of Friends, who settled in New Jersey and Pennsylvania in colonial times. The history surrounding the establishment and growth of the Quaker colonies of West Jersey and Pennsylvania will be discussed. William Penn’s efforts in establishing the colonies of West Jersey and Pennsylvania were paramount to Quakers immigrating to America. John Fenwick also played a major role in foundingRead MoreEthnocentrism, Economic Independence, And The Religious Independence1231 Words   |  5 PagesThroughout the class we have cover many different topic but they all come back to the American. I will be talking to you about the ethnocentrism, economic in dependence, and the religious independence. Before I start telling you about how they affect today s world I will tell you some characteristic and a little about them. Generosity is a characteristic that we have in today s world. Generosity is the quality of being kind understanding, and unselfishness, being generous having willingness toRead MoreBiography of Lucretia Mott959 Words   |  4 Pagesprograms in which she did not believe. She was born a Quaker, also known as the Society of Friends, a religious group which believed in relative equality and in nonviolence. In the period in which she was born and raised, women were supposed to be seen and not heard. They were to be subservient to men in all things, including the home and the work force, if indeed the woman were allowed to work at all. Yet Mott, nee Coffin, refused to let society marginalize her and demanded equality. Certain rightsRead MoreThe Early Anti-Slavery Movement1027 Words   |  5 PagesChristian’s denominations. After many religions believers continued preaching about the anti-slavery, their voices were heard. Additionally, around late eighteenth century and the beginni ng of the nineteenth century, the anti-slavery movement started by religious influences (American Anti-Slavery Movement, 2012). Many slaves went threat each year in the American Revolution and the Civil War. Meanwhile, some stayed in the South, looking for family who they have been separating or refuge from slavery. Read MoreThe Underground Railroad And The American Civil War1203 Words   |  5 Pagesknown as the Underground Railroad and spanned across twenty-nine states. Routes also led to Canada, Mexico, and the Caribbean. Historians believe the origins of the Underground Railroad can be traced back to the Quakers (Penrice). Without the courageous efforts of the dedicated Quaker men and women, the Underground Railroad would not have been successful in leading an estimated 100,000 slaves to freedom (Myths of the Underground Railroad). When British Colonial America was first colonized

Massachusetts Legislature Votes to Ban Same-Sex...

Massachusetts Legislature Votes to Ban Same-Sex Marriages but Approves of Civil Unions As supporters and opponents were anxiously awaiting for a decision on Mar. 29, the Massachusetts legislature voted 105-92 to ban gay marriage when it approved of amending the state constitution that would overturn the Supreme Judicial Court’s ruling that made same-sex marriages legal five months ago. However, the legislature also voted to legalize civil unions. The amendment was altered from when it was introduced this month, and now says that aside from permitting civil unions but banning gay marriage, it would clarify that gay couples who marry into civil unions would not receive any federal marriage rights and benefits. It cannot be changed†¦show more content†¦Opponents say, â€Å"†¦the unions are contrary to Jewish tradition and Torah law, and that any statement on officiation is unwise as the movement struggles for religious legitimacy in Israel,† (The Forward, December 24, 1999, p. 1). Rabbi Kroloff, the president of the Central Conference of American Rabbis believes that the resolution that approves of same-sex marriages in Jewish institutions in Orlando will pass. He also reported to The Forward that his organizations board last month voted 26 to 0 in favor of the resolution. Furthermore, the co-chairwoman of the Womens Rabbinic Network, Rabbi Shira Stern, said, â€Å"We urge everyone to be tolerant of other peoples choices,† (The Forward, December 24, 1999, p. 1). Some countries’ religious traditions are still very strict when it comes to sexual orientation. For example, in 2003, a Russian priest was dismissed from the church after marrying two gay men. Father Vladimir, a clergy member of the Russian Orthodox Church in the city of Nizhny Novgorod, east of Moscow, was expelled after he married Denis Gogolev and Misha Morozov. The couple had a traditional religious ceremony with exchanging vows, rings and wearing crowns. Gogolev and Morozov said that the ceremony should highlight how gays can and should live in Russia, and quite openly, (Gay.com, September 5, 2003). Homosexuality between men was legalized in Russia in 1993. It was considered aShow MoreRelatedSame-Sex Marriage Essay1474 Words   |  6 PagesJust about everyone has an opinion on whether same-sex couples should be allowed to legally marry. The arguments range from personal beliefs to what marriage is said to be in the Bible. Why should a couple be forbidden from showing each other along with family and friends that they are fully committed to each other? What place is it for the government to say that said couple is not allowed to commit to the one who truly makes you happy? Why should these people who are willing to be together forRead MoreLegalize Gay Marriage Essay1495 Words   |  6 PagesSame-Sex Marriage Should Be Legalized Just about everyone has an opinion on legally allowing same-sex couples to marry. The arguments range from personal beliefs to what marriage is said to be in the Bible. Why should a couple be forbidden from showing each other along with family and friends that they are fully committed to each other? What place is it for the government to say that said couple is not allowed to commit to the one who truly makes you happy? Why should these people who are willingRead MorePolitical Issues of Same-Sex Marriage Essay3061 Words   |  13 PagesIssues of Same-Sex Marriage The political aspects of whether same-sex couples should be allowed to federal and government recognized marriages are a very complex issue. There are basically two sides to the political argument of whether same-sex couples should be allowed to marry. On one side are the liberals who feel that marriage is a civil right that should be denied based on the basis of a persons sexual orientation. On the other side you have conservatives who feel that marriage is an institutionRead MoreGAY RIGHTS MOVEMENT IN THE 60S3496 Words   |  14 Pagestimeline provides information about the gay rights movement in the United States from 1924 to the present: including the Stonewall riots; the contributions of Harvey Milk; the Dont Ask, Dont Tell policy; the first civil unions; the legalization of same-sex marriage in Massachusetts, Connecticut, New York; and more. 1924 The Society for Human Rights in Chicago becomes the countrys earliest known gay rights organization. 1948 Alfred Kinsey publishes Sexual Behavior in the Human Male, revealingRead MoreSame Sex Marriage Law Case2813 Words   |  12 Pageshead: SAME-SEX MARRIAGE LAW 1. SAME-SEX MARRIAGE LAW 13. Comprehensive Exam Capstone LS 602 Sherron Chatman Kaplan University Same-Sex Marriage Law Introduction Same-Sex couples have had a long battle in obtaining the right to marry. Some battles fought ended in victory, others in defeat. In the end, same-sex couplesRead MoreShould Homosexuals Be Allowed to Marry?2119 Words   |  9 PagesAllowed to Marry? Marriage is a very sacred arrangement. It is a lifetime commitment said to be only between man and woman. These two people should love or be in love with each other. Over the years homosexuality has come to the forefront. The question of should homosexuals be allowed to marry each other has had the world in an uproar. Homosexuals, indeed should be able to marry each other with the same benefits as man and woman. I chose to write about gay marriage because it is very closeRead MoreGender Pay Gap14271 Words   |  58 Pagesand promotions — the biggest sex-discrimination lawsuit in U.S. history — may be heading for the Supreme Court. Some women s advocates argue that a controversial high-court ruling last year makes it more difficult to sue over wage discrimination.Go to topOverviewAn insult to my dignity is the way Lilly Ledbetter described it. For 19 years, she worked at the Goodyear Tire plant in Gadsden, Ala., one of a handful of women among the roughly 80 people who held the same supervisory position she didRead MoreAmerican Civil Rights Movement Essay15820 Words   |  64 Pages1. American Civil Rights Movement THE BLACKS 1865 and 1870 - Three Constitutional amendments: The Thirteenth Amendment abolished slavery, the Fourteenth Amendment gave blacks the rights of citizenship, and The Fifteenth Amendment gave them the right to vote. Until the modern civil rights movement (1950s) blacks were denied access to public places such as restaurants, hotels, theaters, and schools. There were separate facilities marked colored only, which was sanctioned by the courts. 1896Read MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pagescollapse of the Soviet Union, the reunification of Germany, the surge of globalization from the mid-1990s) and afterward (9/11, or the global recession of 2008) when one could quite plausibly argue that a new era had begun. A compelling case can be made for viewing the decades of the global scramble for colonies after 1870 as a predictable culmination of the long nineteenth century, which was ushered in by the industrial and political revolutions of the late 1700s. But at the same time, without seriousRead MoreManagement Course: Mba−10 General Management215330 Words   |  862 Pagessustaining profitability today. Pacesetter companies are increasingly moving to manage and lead their organizations in these terms. For example, consider the continuously strong performance of longterm business powerhouses as diverse as General Electric, Union Pacific, and Wal-Mart. Moreover, the successful confluence of this kind of management with technology sends a similar message when one gets equally deeply into highly fluctuating markets and businesses ranging from Intel to Feigenbaum−Feigenbaum:

University Students Should Wear Uniforms Free Essays

Recently, we know that the global warming had become big crises that occur not only in our country but it also occurs at other country for example Australia, Japan, and England. Physically, if we look what happened around us, due to the development of buildings, forest deforestation and open burning. This shows that we are not very concern about how important taking care of our earth as we want the best to protect it from any pollution especially global warming. We will write a custom essay sample on University Students Should Wear Uniforms or any similar topic only for you Order Now Besides, if there is a lot of process of development that occurs, maybe it will destroy our ecosystem. Besides that, as we know, global warming can be defined as the earth’s average temperature increases. The average temperature in our earth is increasing due to human activities that occurs a long time ago until now it gives negative effects to our environment for example droughts, melting of polar ice and glaciers causing a rise in sea level, change in wind directions and weather patterns. We can handle it by contributing an awareness campaign, which if global warming do not occur, maybe a lot of people know how to take care of our earth , but in reality they are still do not realize what they are doing whether it is good or bad. Among the awareness campaign which can handle the global warming from human and globalization are the celebration of Earth’s Day that was held in year of 2011 every 22 April. This celebration was held to aware everyone how important protects or conserves our earth. A lot of people do not realize the existence of this earth’s day, but some of them who are really love nature or the association of a love nature will involved themselves in giving awareness to the others so that they will not too greedy to destroy our earth. A part of that, the Kyoto Protocol is an international treaty signed by countries was held 11 December 1997 as they are committed to the reduction of release in greenhouse effect such as carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous dioxide (N2O) and chlorofluorocarbon (CFCS), besides they want to ensure that the reduction of release in gases by the rate of 5. percent in 2010 rather than in year of 1992. The negative effects can be reduced if every individual plays an important role in limiting the release of greenhouse gases. In addition, since year of 1992, the Unity of national countries of environment and development (UNCED) or now it is known as the Council of Rio Culmination had organized an awareness campaign about the global warming. This campaign had reached to the highest level. Among the matter that is approved, rich countries are needed to reduce the pollution in their countries; help a development country manage the energy generator efficiently. Besides, they also want to reduce the poverty, increase the quality of water, use more clean energy, a better administration, and use product that nature friendly. Nevertheless, their result were not achieved due to some of the countries try to make their own action Furthermore, Earth Hour is another of the awareness campaign that is organized by World Wildlife Fund (WWF) starting from the year of 2004 by WWF Australia. This celebration was held every year on 26 March which it will celebrate by switch off all the lights starting from 8. 30pm until 9. 30pm. Why this campaign was held? This is because a lot of countries had through a badly changing temperature such as Myanmar, Honduras, Vietnam, Nicaragua, India, Haiti, Republic Dominica, Filipina and China. These are the list of the top 10 of the countries that undergo the phenomenon of global warming. A part of that, Bangladesh also through a badly changing temperature which based on the statistic between 1990 and 2008 which the average of their residents died out there are 8240 people every year. A rise in sea level every year also gives harm to them who live near the beach. The Earth Hour is one of the awareness campaigns that achieved reducing 10% of the effect of the global warming. Why? This is because a lot of countries besides Malaysia also show their concern in saving the earth. Many people around the world do not realized; if we keep reducing the use of energy or reduce the burning of fossil fuels maybe we can avoid from the global warming from occur. So that’s why even only 10%, if we make it every year, maybe we can reduce the effects of the global warming until 50% to 80% in a decade. How to cite University Students Should Wear Uniforms, Essay examples

Market Segmentation - Targeting And Positioning- My Assignment Help

Develop a segmentation, targeting and positioning strategy for your firm's product. Ensurethat you discuss how you would segment the market for the product and which segmentation variables you would use; which segment(s) you would target, how and why; and what brand position you would recommend for the product to occupy; and how to target the recommended segment(s). It is imperative that you justify the recommended strategies. Market segmentation, targeting and positioning: The bread market in Australia needs to emphasize on fulfilling the demand of local regular resident in Australia. The below section will provide the details of the segmentation, targeting and positioning strategy for this bread market backed by theoretical approach: Market segmentation: Segmenting market means dividing a marketplace into distinctive grouping of buyers all the way through dissimilar requirements features as well as behaviour, which may have need of dissimilar products or marketing mixes. According to the literature related to segmentation, it is noted that there are five parameters for segmenting the market place, such as geographic variable, demographic variable, psychographic variable, behavioural variable and other aspects (Applegate and Johnsen, 2007). However, it is also true that no one single variable can be treated as the best fit for segmenting the market place. Reviewing the strategy adopted by market leaders in diversified industry, it can be said that it will be better to combine two or three variables that will support the organization to better define the target markets (Lamb, 2004). Therefore, from this point of view, it is recommended that the organization operated in the bread market in Australia, there is requiring combining the demographic variable with geographic variables. In specific, it can be said that the target market will be local residents [geographic variable] and middle and upper income category [geographic variable] groups. Target market: Targeting is all about evaluation of segmented market place. Here, the organization needs to evaluate the market segments as well as has to take a decision regarding which market place have to serve. The below figure will explore the details targeting strategy that considered all the segmented market places (Pelsmacker, Geuens and Bergh, 2004). Figure: Target market (Pelsmacker, Geuens and Bergh, 2004) Now, in this specific case before taking decision regarding what segment needs to be targeted, there is required to evaluate the market needs. The given information shows that several market operators cut the price of bread in an unconventional way. Under such circumstances, it is important to identify the appropriate market for targeting purpose. Since, the product itself clarifies that it is a daily needed product; the target market will be the known market place. In specific the switcher as well as loyal to other brand group will have to select here. In order do so, there is requiring implementing effective promotional strategy for the own products. However, it can be said that whatever, targeting strategy the organization will choose, it must be measurable, accessible, substantial, differentiable and actionable. Positioning: This the third stage of the segmenting, targeting and positioning or the STP strategy. It is noted that once the organization come across through segmenting as well as targeting strategy, it must have to decide in what position the organization will operate in the long run to occupy the targeted segmented market place. According to the literature, it can be noted that the product position is the stratagem through which the product is identified by customers on the basis of several imperative characteristics, such as the place the product lived in the consumers minds comparative to other organizations products. As identified by Semenik (2002), there are certain strategies commonly employed by the market leaders in several industry, such as product class, product attributes, benefits offered, usage occasions, users, against a competitors, and away from competitors. Below figure explored all such strategy: Figure: Positioning strategy (Semenik, 2002) Here, in case of bread market in Australia, the organization needs to select the positioning strategy, which will be best fit on given circumstances. It is the fact that cutting price will be the effective one to sustain in this market place (Wood, n.d.). Through several issues are there regarding such low pricing strategy, still the case example of Woolworths shows that it will be beneficial in the long run. So, keeping all these aspects in mind, the positing strategy will mainly emphasize on benefits offered to the consumer. However, in addition to this specified positioning strategy, the organization will also implement other promotional campaign to stay away from its competitors. Hence, to conclude this STP analysis, it can be said that the organization will target the switcher as well as loyal to other brand of the local as well as upper and middle income group of people through providing benefits. References Applegate, E. and Johnsen, A. (2007).Cases in advertising and marketing management. Lanham: Rowman Littlefield. Lamb, C. (2004).Marketing. Cape Town, S.A.: Oxford University Press. Pelsmacker, P., Geuens, M. and Bergh, J. (2004).Marketing communications. Harlow: Financial Times Prentice Hall. Semenik, R. (2002).Promotion and integrated marketing communications. Cincinnati, Ohio: South-Western Thomson Learning. Wood, M. (n.d.).The marketing plan handbook.

Consolidating Reflective Clinical Practice-Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Consolidating Reflective Clinical Practice? Answer: Introducation Mrs. Betty White is an 85 year old woman and a widow of 5 years. She has been living in a low care aged care facility since her husband died. She has a supportive family and has a sonand a daughter.Her daughter lives locallyandvisits twicea week. Her sonlives interstate with his family.Members of her church also visit her once a week.She participates in the social activities within the aged care facility in order to get over from loneliness. She is a retired office worke and does not drive She takes the help of family members and taxis to get around. Betty is an ex-smoker and gave up smoking 10 years ago.She has a medical history of Hypertension, Hypercholesterolaemia, Asthma/COPD, Osteoarthritis.She was admitted in the hospital as she was suffering from a chest infection.The doctors diagnosed that she was suffering from Left lower lobe pneumonia (Chan, 2015). When she was admitted in the hospital, she developed a fracture in the right neck of femur.Betty was taken to the Emergency Department (ED) with the help of an ambulance. She suffered from high temperature, shortness of breath and congestion in the chest.Her daughter Jane, was informed that her mother was hospitalized. She visited the Emergency Department to visit her mother.A chest x-ray and blood tests were conducted in the ED and the reports showed that Betty was suffering from pneumonia.She was advised on intravenous (IV) antibiotics, oxygen therapy and Ventolin and Normal Saline nebulisersby the clinicians in the hospital. Betty was transferred to the respiratory or a medical ward on the same day in the afternoon(Lancaster, 2015). The clinical practice issues of concern in Bettys care that her mother was not given any medicaments in the morning by the nursing staff and usual medications were not written up on her medication chart (McFarland, 2014).Jane had a talk with the nurse that her mother seemed to be a bit confused and it was not normal as her mother was normally quite alert and orientated. Betty became quite distressed and more confused and wanted to meet her doctor. Another concern during Bettys case was that her daughter was not informed about her condition becoming worse and a fellow patient in Bettys room rang the bell at 2am in order to call the staff and shouted ina loudvoice to seek help. The nurse found out that Betty was laying on the floor next to her bed.Her IV was pulled out and there was blood was all over the floor.She was moaning.It was observed by the nurses that Betty had developed a laceration on her forehead and her right leg and foot was externally rotated.The nurses also found out t hat Betty had urinated on the floor.When Jane was informed about it she was furious that proper care was not given to her mother inspite of informing the nurse that she was in a confused state(Wall Morrison, 2014). Betty was observed by the resident medical officer, who advised an urgent head CT scan and x-ray of her legs.The reports of the CT scan were normal but the x-ray showed that Betty had developed an intracapsular fracture in her right neck of femur.Betty was advised a surgery by the orthopaedic team in the morning and her hip wound edges were not healing as she had developed an infection.This shows that the surgical procedure was not successful as well(gotnes, Jacobsen, Petersen, 2016). The National Health and Safety Standardswere developed by the Commission in order to improve the quality of health care in Australia by the implementation of safety and quality systems.There are 10 NSQHS Standards in order to ensure quality care for patients and satisfaction. These are as follows: Governance for Safety and Quality in Health Service Organisations which involves the provision of quality healthcare services to the patients. 2. Partnering with Consumers which aims to develop several strategies in order to develop a health system that is consumer-centred. It also includes taking a feedback from consumers during the development and design of quality health care. Preventing and Controlling Healthcare Associated Infections which involves different types strategies in order to prevent infection in patients during the treatment in the healthcare system and.It also involves using proper methods to manage infections in an effective manner when they occur to reduce the drastic health effects(Alkon, Rose, Wolff, Aronson, 2016). Medication Safety which involves the formation of proper systems and s trategies in order to make sure that the clinicians have prescribed and administer to patients. 5. Patient Identification and Procedure Matching which involves the formation of appropriate systems and strategies for the correct identification of patients.This standard is developed to make sure that the identity of the patient matches with the correct treatment(Huber, 2013). Clinical Handover which involves the formation of appropriate systems and strategies in order to make sure that the clinical communication is done in an effective manner to provide proper patient care. Blood and Blood Products which involves the formation of appropriate systems and strategies to make sure that management of blood and blood products received by the patients safe, effective and appropriate(Moorhead, Johnson, Swanson, 2014). Preventing and managing pessure injuries which involves the formation of appropriate systems and strategies in order to prevent pressure injuries developing in patients and providing proper practice management during the occurrence of pressure injuries . Recognising and responding to clinical deterioration in acute health care which which involves the formation of appropriate systems and processes that should be implemented by health service organisations in order to respond to patients in an effective manner when their health condition gets worsened(Potter, 2014). Preventing Falls and Harm from Falls which which involves the formation of appropriate systems and strategies in order to reduce the occurrence of patients falls in health service organisations and providing proper care. It can be observed from the case study of Betty that there are a few National Health and Safety Standards that have been breached in providing her proper care.These are Standard 1, Governance for Safety and Quality in Health Service Organisations because Betty was not provided quality care in the hospital as the nurse allotted to her did not take proper care during the night in spite of knowing that she was in a confused state. She was also being admitted in a 4 bed ward that was quite far off from the nurses(Steven, Magnusson, Pearson, 2014). Her daughter was also not informed when her health worsened during the night. Another nursing standard that was breached is Preventing and Controlling Healthcare Associated Infections, because after the surgery was done she developed an infection which shows that proper strategies were not followed by the clinicians during the surgery. Standard 4,that is Medication Safety was also breached because Bretty was not prescribed any medicines by the nurse when she was admitted in the ED and her daughter had to inform the same to the nurse(Rosenthal, 2014). The two standards that could have been maintained by the healthcare staff in the delivery of care to Betty and her family during her hospitalisation are Standard 1 and Standard 4. Standard 1 is Governance for Safety and Quality in Health Service Organisationswhich involves the provision of quality health services by the health service organisations in order to implement safe practices. The clinicians would have transparent towards betty and her daughter Jane and should provided proper information about her disease. The health care professionals should would have made sure that the healthcare services are flexible, easy to access and follow. They should have recruited a dedicated and a nursing staff(Peabody, 2015). This would have led to a positive impact on the well being and the emotional health of the patient and would have taken less duration to get cured. A proper education of patients leads to improvement in the hospital journey and reduces the anxiety, stress and pain in them. Betty and her daughter should have been given proper information about the disease, its symptoms, treatment plan and preventive measures to avoid any confusion and to tackle the disease.Sometimes a lack of effective communication can result in misinterpretation by the patients as they understand it partially and it leads to adverse conditions. Betty should have been properly counseled and provided emotional support to boost her confidence and improve her self-esteem. Betty should have been motivated to ask any queries or doubts related to the disease that would have helped in improving satisfaction and confidence in her.She should have been provided regular follow-ups to keep a track on the progress made and also if there are any symptoms of ill effects(Jones, 2016). The clinician along with nurses, dieticians and other health care professionals should have provided various strategies for self-management of the disease to Betty.They should have worked in teams or in collaboration to provide proper communication to her as well to her daughter.This would have helped in enhancing her safety and must have avoid any mishappening with the patient that occured due to ineffective communication. Betty and her daughter should be provided proper instructions regarding the medicaments and other measures to be followed to prevent the side effects(Festini, 2014).There are various precautions that should have been advised to her to get cured from infection such as she should must be provided a separate toilet at home if possible or should flush the toilet every time they use them(Ball, Murrells, Rafferty, Griffiths, 2013). The caregivers at home should be provided with gloves while handling the blood, stool or urine sample of the patient. This would help her t o get rid of infection and get well soon. Standard 4 that is medication safety was also breached in the case of Bretty. It involves the documentation of correct medicines in the medication chart of the patient in order to prevent serious side effects. Documentation in nursing plays a very important role in healthcare and it is generated by electronic means in to record information about the patient who will be undergoing treatment. Documenting care can be defined as a medical electronic record that includes basic information of the patient, medicaments prescribed, illness and its treatment procedure.It also includes various other reports like Magnetic Resonance Imaging, electrocardiograms and computerized tomography.The main objective of these systems is that it helps in decision analysis and facilitates treatment.The information is recorded in clinical database and can be used as future reference and evidence(Daly Jackson, 2017). In the case of Bretty, her nurse forgot to write medications in her medication chart and she w as not given any medicines. It would have led to serious medical complications in her if her daughter had not informed the nurse at the right time. There are various advantages of electronic health medical records like the patient records can be accessed more quickly and efficiently. It enables the doctors to diagnose a disease more efficiently and reduces the chances of medical errors during surgical procedures. It also lowers the healthcare costs by proper coordination of the healthcare services by reduction in redundant and useless tests. It also provides better health care by improving all aspects of patient care like proper communication, being patientcentric and other important aspects of patient care.The patients admitted in the ward in the health care organizations should be provided patient centered care as it results in patients to live longer and reduces the pressure on health care organizations. It also improves the quality of the services offered by them and makes people active to get rid of various diseases and look after them by following a healthy lifestyle. This would help in reducing the overall cost of the tre atment, improves the overall experience and help them to be more independent(Lewis, 2013). Healthcare professionals and should train their team properly to avoid any misunderstandings regarding the treatment and overcome all the barriers in communication. They should cater to the needs of patients and his family members; solve their queries by being an active listener in a proactive manner. The main aim is to have a strong relation between the patient and the clinician. Nurses who work alongside need to ensure that the patients receive timely care and medications during the treatment Several protective measures should taken by the health organizations to avoid various kinds of infection, injuries or accidents. It is a top priority in many hospitals but some hospitals are not able to avoid errors during their treatment. It leads to serious complications, slow recovery, increased length of hospitalization and also unnecessary deaths of patients. Patient safety can be ensured by identifying patients correctly by mentioning their name and date of birth, improved staff communication, safe use of medicines by administering them carefully in the patients. There should be safe use of alarms to prevent mistakes in various surgical processes and identify safety risks in patients. This will help in preventing various kinds of infections caused by different pathogens such as bacteria and viruses in the patients especially those who have undergone surgery(Lord Tiedemann, 2013).The nurses should follow all the legal and ethical principles of nursing. Nurses are responsible fo r providing person centered care to their patients and help them whenever they are in need because nursing is a profession which emphasizes in providing quality care health services to the individuals and several families. Hospitals should recruit safe and a competent nurse and the one who follows all the regulations, standards and the professional values during the service.They should take consent from the patient and his family members before starting the treatment procedure. They should explain the medications and the precautionary measures to be taken, functions and side effects of the drugs and the risks involved in the treatment procedure. Various laws, acts and policies should be followed by the nurses during the practice as these laws aims to provide quality care to the patients by following the policies and the guidelines of nursing profession.Nurses should follow proper nursing interventions to patients according to the policies formed for the practice. References gotnes, Jacobsen, Petersen, H. . (2016). A Critical Review of Research on Hospitalization from Nursing Homes; What is Missing?. Ageing. Alkon, Rose, Wolff, Aronson, K. . (2016). Health and Safety Checklist for Early Care and Education Programs to Assess Key National Health and Safety Standards. Maternal and child health journa , 20(1), 114-127. Ball, Murrells, Rafferty, Griffiths, M. (2013). Care left undoneduring nursing shifts: associations with workload and perceived quality of care. Quality nd Safety in Health Care, bmjqs . Chan. (2015). Viral pneumonia: diagnosis and management.In Congress of Asian Pacific Society of Respirology. . Asian Pacific Society of Respirology . Daly, Jackson, (2017). Contexts of nursing: An introduction. . Elsevier Health Sciences. Festini. (2014). Family-centered care. Italian journal of pediatrics, , 40(1), A33. Huber. (2013). Leadership and nursing care management. . Elsevier Health Sciences. Jones.(2016). The nursing practice environment, staff retention, and quality of care. Research in nursing health, , 19(4), 331-343. Lancaster.(2015). Public Health Nursing-E-Book: Population-Centered Health Care in the Community. Elsevier Health Sciences. Lewis. (2013). Lewis's Medical-surgical Nursing: Assessment and Management of Clinical Problems. . Elsevier Australia. Lord, Tiedemann,(2013). A physiological profile approach to falls risk assessment and prevention. Physical therapy , 83(3), 237-252. McFarland. (2014). Transcultural nursing concepts, theories, research and practice. Moorhead, Johnson, Swanson (2014). Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC)-E-Book: Measurement of Health Outcomes. Elsevier Health Sciences. Peabody. (2015). The care of the patient. Jama , 313(18), 1868-1868.. Potter. (2014). Fundamentals of nursing (Vol. 1). Mosby Incorporated. Rosenthal. (2014). Pharmacology for Nursing Care-E-Book. . Elsevier Health Sciences . Steven, Magnusson, Pearson,(2014). Patient safety in nursing education: contexts, tensions and feeling safe to learn. . Nurse education today, , 34(2), 277-284. Wall, Morrison,(2014). Bridging the theory practice gap through clinical simulations in a nursing under-graduate degree program in Australia. International Journal of Learning, . Teaching and Educational Research, , 8(1).

Choosing Four Themes to Build an Argument Essay

Choosing Four Themes to Build an Argument EssayOne of the basic skills of argument writing is being able to develop 'definitional' arguments. How to build a good argument from basic to deep in a short amount of time. There are four main topics, you need to think about to make a strong and detailed argument.First you have to make a basic thesis and then see how to make a deep argument based on that thesis. So the basic thesis is that ... OK, not really a 'straw man' example, but any article that addresses the topic of knowledge in a comprehensive and original way will have to address the following four topics. a. Knowledge. b. Culture.Now culture and power are not just an abstract concept. It involves how people interact with the knowledge that is involved. So first you need to state a theme. You don't have to make a totally original essay with the help of a research assistant, but you need to draw the reader's attention to something that they can relate to or which is relevant to tha t theme.Second you have to deal with knowledge. By doing this you are making sure that you know what you are talking about. You are drawing the reader into the topic. This is essential when it comes to argument writing and making you write with your audience in mind.You must also deal with power. This comes in two parts. You must first analyze how you do have the power and then how to use that power. This is where the third topic of cultural relations comes in.And third you have to deal with culture. If your argument is really deep, you should definitely have to deal with the cultural aspects of the thing being argued about. There is a lot more to the topic of knowledge, culture and power. Think about this and you will see why you have to have a good connection to all four.Finally you have to deal with power, knowledge and culture and you have to be able to deal with these important parts of your argument. Now these four topics are the essentials for argument writing and they are th e basis for the body of the argument. And you are left with just the meat of the argument - what you are to say to the reader.

Cause of the Financial Crisis

Nowadays, it became a commonplace practice among many American economists and politicians to suggest that it is specifically the Federal government’s failure to introduce regulatory measures, as the mean of preventing banks from providing financially non-credible citizens with mortgage loans, which created objective preconditions for the outbreak of 2007 financial crisis. The close analysis of such an idea, however, reveals it being essentially deprived of a rationale.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Cause of the Financial Crisis specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The reason for this is quite apparent – it was namely the Democrats’ preoccupation with ‘combating poverty’ (under Carter and Clinton’s administrations) that resulted in passing of the infamous Community Reinvestment Act (CRA) and in reinforcing its provisions through the course of late nineties, which in turn gave banks a ‘green light’ to qualify socially-unproductive Americans for mortgage loans (Wallison, 2011). Moreover, the Federal government is being simply in no position to regulate dynamics on the American financial market de facto, since it has long ago delegated its monopoly on designing monetary emission-policies to the privately owned Federal Reserve System. Therefore, the suggestions that the government should pass additional bylaws, in order for the financial market’s dynamics to be more predictable, cannot be referred to as anything but the part of Democrats’ sophistically sounding but essentially meaningless rhetoric. In this paper, I will aim to substantiate the validity of this statement at length. Let us elaborate on the actual causes of the most recent financial crisis first. By the year 2006, the volume of so-called ‘non-standard’ and ‘alternative’ mortgage loans, provided by banks to Americans, accounted for 40%. In ot her words, almost a good half of mortgage loans were given to people that would not normally be qualified to receive them. Yet, even though that this particular financial policy did not make any rational sense, whatsoever, through years 2003-2006 American banks strived their best to cease the opportunity to simply ‘give away’ money to those citizens that were simply in no position to be able to afford repaying annual interest rates. Why was it the case? This was because, prior to the outbreak of 2007 financial crisis, the real estate market in America was experiencing a particularly dramatic growth. In its turn, this caused more and more Americans to realize that they could make utterly lucrative profits by the mean of buying houses with bank-loans, waiting for a year or two, without even being required to pay interest on the received loans, and then selling these houses for often twice as much.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we c an help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Thus, as time went on, a growing number of Americans were beginning to perceive mortgage loans not in terms of an opportunity to buy otherwise non-affordable real estate per se, but rather in terms of an opportunity to indulge in financial speculations. This, of course, caused the growth of the real estate market in America to attain an exponential momentum. Eventually, American bankers concluded that ‘non-standard’ and ‘alternative’ mortgage loans could also be provided to citizens for investment purposes. That is, banks started to sell mortgage agreements and potential profits (which were yet to be obtained in the future) to each other. It is needless to mention, of course, that banks were not financing these types of loans with their own assets, but with largely virtual assets of some third parties. In other words, non-financially sustainable citizens were receiving personal mortgage loan s from organizations that were simultaneously applying for corporate monetary loans, in order to have these loans simply given away to as many people as possible. One debt was generating another debt, which in turn was ‘backed’ by another debt, and so on. Yet, there was an artificially maintained respectability to all of this, as the ‘reselling of debts’ became a widespread practice. The mechanics of how the proper functioning of American economy was being undermined from within were quite simple. The likelihood of a particular mortgage loan not to be returned was evaluated by credit rating agencies, which used to result in security equities being rated according to the extent of their perceived ‘riskiness’. Loan agreements, considered most ‘secure’, were easily sold. Yet, given the continuous boom of the real estate market, even clearly risky loan agreements could be successfully resold to investors. As a result, all the involved parties were able to benefit from participating in the scheme – banks could get rid of legally bounding agreements with private citizens, investors could benefit from making almost instantaneous profits, and private borrowers could close their mortgage loans – hence, qualifying to apply for new ones. This situation lasted for seven years, while resulting in the rapid growth of America’s GDP. Millions of citizens were making huge money out of the thin air, without being required to contribute to the de facto growth of the American economy.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Cause of the Financial Crisis specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Nevertheless, the sustainability of the earlier described debt-pyramid was maintained solely by the continual but thoroughly artificial growth of the real estate market, which was attracting more and more investors. In its turn, this growth came because, as of 200 3, Federal Reserve System reduced interest rates down to 1%. This poses us with the question – given the fact that the cause of financial crises has always been the lack of financial liquidy, what caused the lack of financial liquidy in 2007? The answer to this question is simple – it was the FRS’s decision to dramatically increase interest rates through 2006- 2007. In essence, FRS simply followed the classical ‘recipe’ of making a financial crisis, which it had already resorted to during the time of Great Depression. The consequential guidelines for making a financial crisis are as follows: a) Increase the money’s physical volume as much as possible, b) Create loan-agitation by the mean of qualifying even jobless people to apply for loans, c) Drastically reduce the amount of money in circulation and demand borrowers to immediately return their debts. What it means is that, far from being spontaneous, the financial crisis of 2007 was intentio nal and thoroughly regulated, with its foremost goal having been the elimination (due to banks’ bankruptcies) of trillions of ‘excessive’ dollars, printed by FRS without bothering to back up their actual value with any material assets, whatsoever. Therefore, the suggestions that this crisis came because of the America’s financial system having been deregulated simply do not stand much ground. Quite on the contrary – it is specifically because, ever since 1913, FRS exercises a complete regulatory control over monetary emissions in this country, that the financial crisis of 2007 was bound to occur. In this respect, the Federal government’s regulations simply assisted FRS. The validity of this statement can be well explored in regards to the passing of enforcing bylaws to the earlier mentioned Community Reinvestment Act of 1977, â€Å"Bill Clinton†¦ passed laws to enforce the original (CRA) bill. The purpose of the CRA is to force banks to make risky loans to people who can’t afford to repay those loans† (Knight, para. 1). In other words, the government’s meddling in financial affairs, as the part of governmental officials pursuing its ideologically driven and clearly utopian agenda of ‘eliminating poverty’, contributed substantially to the outbreak of 2007 financial crisis.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Apparently, left-wing politicians simply do not understand a simple fact that the proper functioning of the free-market economy cannot be ‘regulated’ and that if it nevertheless becomes the subject of regulations (especially if these regulations are being ideologically motivated), this necessarily results in the economy’s functioning becoming susceptible to crises. There is another aspect to the earlier argument – as of today, the Federal government simply does not have instruments to regulate the functioning of FRS. This is because, contrary to the provisions of U.S. Constitution, which endows U.S. Congress with the exclusive right to exercise a unilateral control over the process of designing this country’s financial policies, this right has been delegated to FRS – a private financial organization, over which the government does not have any control. After all, it is FRS that lands money to the Federal government and not vice versa. Can bor rowers control a money-lending organization? President Kennedy did believe that it was in fact the case, which is why under his Presidency, the U.S. Ministry of Finances issued $2 and $5 banknotes, backed by silver from the National Treasury. This, however, had sealed the Kennedy’s eventual fate. Therefore, the suggestions that the functioning of the America’s financial sector could be regulated by governmental decrees appear utterly fallacious. As the example of CRA’s passing points out to, the government’s attempts to regulate this functioning simply create yet additional preconditions for the country’s richest bankers, who own FRS, to act on behalf of their sense of greed, at the expense of undermining the economy’s vitality from within. As Randazzo noted it, â€Å"Ironically, it was government action (the enforcement of CRA’s provisions) that created incentives for financial firms to be less risk adverse, not a lack of regulation † (2009, para. 6). Thus, we can well conclude that the more a particular ‘progressive’ politician talks about introducing more regulations, meant to apply to the America’s financial sector, the more he or she is being in cahoots with those greed-driven bankers, who are supposed to suffer from these regulations’ enactment – pure and simple. After all, as the history indicates, recently passed regulatory measures (such as CRA), originally conceived to work on behalf of ensuring the American economy’s stability and the ‘underprivileged’ citizens’ well-being , did not only fail at that but they actually strengthened the acuteness of the ongoing financial recession. As the famous saying goes – the road to hell is made out of good intentions. Therefore, it will only be logical, on our part, to conclude this paper by reinstating once again that the introduction of new regulatory bylaws, designed to prevent the outbre aks of financial crises, such as the one of 2007, will not possibly change the situation for better. The reason for this is simple – the periodic outbreaks of these crises can be well seen as the very purpose of the FRS’s existence. However, since the functioning of FRS cannot be regulated by governmental decrees de facto, it means that the government cannot effectively regulate the financial market’s dynamics either. I believe that this conclusion is being thoroughly consistent with the paper’s initial thesis. References Knight, W. (2009). Democrats caused the recession and Republicans tried to  stop it. WordPress.Com. Web. Randazzo, A. (2009). The myth of financial deregulation. Web. Wallison, P. (2011). Hey, Barney Frank: The government did cause the housing crisis. The Atlantic. Web. This essay on Cause of the Financial Crisis was written and submitted by user Maryam Maddox to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

The Bear Came Over the Mountain by Alice Munro

The Bear Came Over the Mountain by Alice Munro Alice Munro (b. 1931) is a Canadian writer who focuses almost exclusively on short stories. She has received numerous literary awards, including the 2013 Nobel Prize in Literature and the 2009 Man Booker Prize. Munros stories, nearly all of which are set in small-town Canada, feature everyday people navigating ordinary life. But the stories themselves are anything but ordinary. Munros precise, unflinching observations unmask her characters in a way that is simultaneously uncomfortable and reassuring- uncomfortable because Munros x-ray vision feels as if it could easily unmask the reader as well as the characters, but reassuring because Munro’s writing passes so little judgment. It is hard to come away from these stories of ordinary lives without feeling as if youve learned something about your own. The Bear Came Over the Mountain  was originally published in the December 27, 1999, edition of The New Yorker. The magazine has made the complete story available for free online.  In 2006, the story was adapted into a film titled, directed by Sarah Polley.   Plot Grant and Fiona have been married for forty-five years. When Fiona shows signs of deteriorating memory, they realize  she needs to live in a nursing home. During her first 30 days there- during which Grant is not permitted to visit- Fiona seems to forget her marriage to Grant and develops a strong attachment to a resident named Aubrey. Aubrey is only in residence temporarily, while his wife takes a much-needed holiday. When the wife returns and Aubrey leaves the nursing home, Fiona is devastated. The nurses tell Grant that she will probably forget Aubrey soon, but she continues to grieve and waste away. Grant tracks down Aubreys wife, Marian, and tries to convince her to move Aubrey permanently to the facility. She cannot afford to do so without selling her house, which she initially refuses to do. By the end of the story, presumably through a romantic connection, he makes with Marian, Grant is able to bring Aubrey back to Fiona. But by this point, Fiona seems not to remember Aubrey but rather to have renewed affection for Grant. What Bear? What Mountain? You are probably familiar with some version of the folk/childrens song The Bear Came Over the Mountain.  There are variations of the specific lyrics, but the gist of the song is always the same: the bear goes over the mountain, and what he sees when he gets there is the other side of the mountain. So what does this have to do with Munros story? One thing to consider is the irony created by using a light-hearted childrens song as the title for a story about aging. Its a nonsense song, innocent and amusing. Its funny because, of course, the bear saw the other side of the mountain. What else would he see? The jokes on the bear, not on the singer of the song. The bears the one who did all that work, perhaps hoping for a more exciting and less predictable reward than the one he inevitably got. But when you juxtapose this childhood song with a story about aging, the inevitability seems less humorous and more oppressive. There is nothing to be seen except on the other side of the mountain. Its all downhill from here, not so much in the sense of being easy as in the sense of deterioration, and theres nothing innocent or amusing about it. In this reading, it doesnt really matter who the bear is. Sooner or later, the bear is all of us. But perhaps youre the kind of reader who needs the bear to represent a specific character in the story. If so, I think the best case can be made for Grant. It is clear that Grant has been repeatedly unfaithful to Fiona throughout their marriage, though he has never considered leaving her. Ironically, his effort to save her by bringing Aubrey back and putting an end to her grieving is accomplished through yet another infidelity, this time with Marian. In this sense, the other side of the mountain looks a lot like the first side. Came  or Went  Over the Mountain? When the story opens, Fiona and Grant are young university students who have agreed to get married, but the decision almost seems to be on a whim. He thought maybe she was joking when she proposed to him,  Munro writes. And indeed, Fionas proposal does sound only half-serious. Shouting over the waves at the beach, she asks Grant, Do you think it would be fun if we got married? A new section begins with the fourth paragraph, and the wind-blown, wave-crashing, youthful exuberance of the opening section has been replaced by a calmer sense of ordinary concerns (Fiona is trying to wipe away a smudge on the kitchen floor). Its clear that some time has passed between the first and second sections, but the first time I read this story and learned that Fiona was already seventy years old, I still felt a jolt of surprise.  It seemed that her youth- and their entire marriage- had been dispensed with too unceremoniously. Then I assumed that the sections would alternate. Wed read about the carefree younger lives, then the older lives, then back again, and it would all be sweet and balanced and wonderful. Except that isnt what happens. What happens is that the rest of the story focuses on the nursing home, with occasional flashbacks to Grants infidelities or to Fionas earliest signs of memory loss. The bulk of the story, then, takes place on the figurative other side of the mountain. And this is the critical difference between came  and went  in the title of the song. Though I believe went  is a more common version of the song, Munro chose came.  Went  implies that the bear is going away from us, which leaves us, as readers, safe on the side of youth. But came  is the opposite. Came  suggests that were already on the other side; in fact, Munro has made sure of it. All that we can see- all that Munro will allow us to see- is the other side of the mountain.